The carnivorous morph of spadefoot toads prefers to eat nonkin over kin.

When starved for 24 hours (A), only a little more than 10 percent of individuals eaten were kin.

If starved for 48 hours, this figure rises.

As a control, toads were again starved for 24 hours (C), and results were similar to the original 24-hour deprivation treatment (A).